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高中英语教学中强调句的教学小议

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安徽宿州市第二中学 田学贞

“强调”作为写作的一种技巧,其作用主要在于突出表现某些东西,如提出观点看法,列举重要数据,陈述重要事实等,希望能引起读者的注意。

一、强调句在中学教材中的应用

强调句作为一种修辞手法,是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式,主要有如下几种形式:

(一)用句型表示强调

1.用It is (was) … that (who)…句型强调主语、宾语、状语,如:

I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.

2.用“what … be…”强调句型,把被强调的部分后移,如:

What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.

3. 用倒装句表示强调,如:

Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.

4. 用感叹句来表示强烈的感情,突出说话人的情感:

How interesting a story it is!

(二)用单词或词组表示强调

I do want to change this situation, but I don’t know how.

Music is more than just sound. It is a way of thinking.

He runs much faster than she.

What on earth is it?

He is well past fifty.

A good many animals sleep under the snow.

(三)否定意义句子的强调

1. 用not to mention,to say nothing of强调,如:

Some peasant families now have motorcycles, not to mention TV sets and washers.

2. 用否定的形式表示肯定的概念,进行强调,如:

You cannot be too careful when crossing the road.

There is no one of us but wishes to go.

3. 肯定意义表否定,进行强调,如:

He was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.

I will do nothing but that one you told me.

二、使用It is (was) … that (who)…句型的几个注意事项

(一)被强调成分是主语,who/that之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与原句中的主语保持一致。如:It is I who am right.

(二)即使被强调成分是句子中的时间状语,地点状语,原因状语等,也不能用when,where, because,要用 that。如:It was because of the heavy rain that he came late.

(三)使用这一强调句型时,要注意否定转移,如:I didn’t realize it until I got off the bus.→It wasn’t until I got off the bus that I realized it.

三、定语从句和强调句型的区分

某些定语从句和强调句型形式差不多,容易混淆。如果去掉it is/ was ...that句子仍然通顺成立,则为强调句型,不成立不通顺,则为定语从句。

如 It was three years ago that he went to American for a further study·去掉It was… that句子为Three years ago he went to America for a further study.句子通顺,意思完整,那么,这就是一个强调句型。

It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.

这句中如去掉It was… that句子不完整,那么,这不是强调句型,而是主语从句。

参考文献:

[1]戴红霞.英文写作中几种常用的强调手法[J].英语天地,1998.6.

[2]英语实用语法大全[M].山东大学出版社.

[3]普通高中课程标准实验教科书英语

[4]吴元培.强调句考点解读[J].试题研究,2010,30.