钟雄利 周春贤
广东省茂名市人民医院消化二科,广东省茂 525000
[摘要] 目的 评价恩替卡韦治疗乙肝肝硬化失代偿期的临床疗效及安全性。方法 选取2010年5月—2013年4月该院收治的90例乙肝肝硬化失代偿期患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,其中对照组45例,给予还原型谷胱甘肽、促肝细胞生长素及甘草酸二胺等综合性护肝、保肝治疗,观察组45例,在对照组综合治疗的基础上给予恩替卡韦治疗,疗程6个月,观察并比较两组患者治疗前后肝功能指标变化、治疗前后Child-Pugh评分情况及不良反应的发生率。结果 治疗6个月后,两组患者TBiL、ALT及AST的值均较治疗前有所改善,同组治疗前后相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组治疗后TBiL、ALT及AST改善程度相比于对照组治疗后差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗前后Child-Pugh评分分别为(8.50±1.51)分、(6.08±0.91)分,对照组治疗前后Child-Pugh评分分别为(8.31±1.68)分、(4.19±1.04)分,两组治疗后评分均有所降低,观察组降低程度更为明显,相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 在综合治疗措施的基础上给予恩替卡韦治疗乙肝肝硬化失代偿期疗效好,安全性高,值得在临床上予以推广。
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关键词 ] 恩替卡韦;乙肝肝硬化;失代偿期;临床疗效
[中图分类号] R575 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2014)07(c)-0015-02
Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Entecavir in the Treatment of Decompensated Hepatitis B Cirrhosis
ZHONG Xiongli ZHOU Chunxian
The Second Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Maoming People’s Hospital, Maoming, Guangdong Province, 525000, China
[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of entecavir in the treatment of hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Methods 90 cases of hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis admitted in our hospital from May 2010 to April 2013 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. 45 cases in the control group were given reduced glutathione, hepatocyte growth-promoting factors and diammonium glycyrrhizinate and other comprehensive liver protection treatment. 45 cases in the observation group were given entecavir on the basis of the comprehensive treatment of the control group. The course of treatment was 6 months. The changes of hepatic function indexes, Child-Pugh scores before and after treatment and the incidence of adverse reactions of two groups of patients were observed and compared. Results After 6 months of treatment, the values of TBiL, ALT and AST of both groups were improved compared with those before treatment, the difference in the values of TBiL, ALT and AST of the observation group or the control group before and after treatment was statistically significant(P<0.05). After treatment, the difference in improvement degree of TBiL, ALT and AST between the observation group and the control group was statistically significant (P<0.05); before treatment, the Child-Pugh score of the observation group was (8.50±1.51) points, and that of the control group was (8.31±1.68) points, after treatment, the Child-Pugh score of the observation group was (6.08±0.91) points, and that of the control group was (4.19±1.04) points, the Child-Pugh score of both groups was decreased after treatment, and that of the observation group was decreased more significantly, the difference was statistically significant by comparison, P<0.05. Conclusion The efficacy of entecavir given to the hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis on the basis of comprehensive treatment is good with high safety, which is deserved to be promoted in clinical practice.
[Key words] Entecavir; Hepatitis B cirrhosis; Decompensation; Clinical efficacy
[作者简介] 钟雄利(1978.6-),男,广东茂名人,本科,主治医师,研究方向:消化内科。
肝硬化是临床上常见的慢性进行性肝病,是由一种或多种病因长期反复作用引起的弥漫性肝脏损害。我国导致肝硬化最常见的病因为乙型肝炎,其次为酒精性肝硬化[1-2]。临床研究表明,及时有效的抗病毒治疗可显著延缓乙肝患者疾病进展。目前,选取2010年5月—2013年4月该院收治的90例患者进行分组研究,评价恩替卡韦治疗乙肝肝硬化失代偿期的临床疗效,取得了较好的效果,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取该院收治的90例乙肝肝硬化失代偿期患者,均符合《慢性乙肝防治指南》中相关诊断标准,且符合以下要求:①PCR检测显示HBeAg炎性患者HBV DNA每毫升≥105拷贝,HBeAg阴性患者HBV DNA每毫升≥104拷贝;②ALT达正常值上限的1.5~10倍;③肝硬化处于失代偿期;④未用过其他抗病毒药物;⑤排除其他类型肝炎;⑥无明显心、肝、肾等重要脏器严重疾病。排除标准:①伴消化道出血、II度以上肝性脑病、原发性肝癌、肝肾综合征及重度黄疸;②合并其他类型肝炎重叠感染;③Child-pugh评分A级和B级。随机分为观察组和对照组,其中观察组45例,男29例,女16例,年龄35~61岁,平均(47.2±3.8)岁,病程1~9年,平均(5.0±1.3)年;对照组45例,男28例,女17例,年龄35~62岁,平均(47.8±3.0)岁,病程1~8年,平均(5.0±1.1)年。两组患者在年龄、性别、病程等一般资料上差异无统计学意义,具有可比性。
1.2 方法
对照组患者给予保肝、护肝综合治疗,包括静脉滴注还原型谷胱甘肽、门冬氨酸钾镁、白蛋白、新鲜血浆,并同时行利尿、止血、抗感染等综合治疗。观察组在对照组综合治疗的基础上给予恩替卡韦(国药准字:H20100019)口服,0.5mg/d,疗程均为6个月。
1.3 观察指标
观察并比较两组患者治疗前后肝功能指标变化、Child-Pugh评分及不良反应的发生情况。
1.4 统计方法
采用SPSS17.0统计软件对数据进行分析,计量资料以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,组间比采用t检验。计数资料采用χ2检验。
2 结果
2.1 两组患者治疗前后肝功能指标比较
治疗6个月后,两组患者TBiL、ALT及AST的值均较治疗前有所改善,同组治疗前后相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组治疗后TBiL、ALT及AST改善程度相比于对照组治疗后差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表1。
2.2 两组患者治疗前后Child-Pugh评分比较
观察组治疗前后Child-Pugh评分分别为(8.50±1.51)分、(6.08±0.91)分,对照组治疗前后Child-Pugh评分分别为(8.31±1.68)分、(4.19±1.04)分,两组治疗后评分均有所降低,观察组降低程度更为明显,相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表2。
2.3 不良反应发生情况比较
两组患者治疗期间均未见明显不良反应,少数出现乳酸酸中毒,所有患者耐受性良好。
3 讨论
肝硬化是临床上常见的慢性进行性肝病,是由一种或多种病因长期反复作用引起的弥漫性肝脏损害。我国导致肝硬化最常见的病因为乙型肝炎,其次为酒精性肝硬化[3-4]。乙型肝炎主要由于HBV感染人体后损害肝细胞,引起肝细胞坏死,可分为急性乙肝和慢性乙肝,急性乙肝预后较好,成年人患病后多数可自愈,而慢性乙肝久治不愈逐渐发展为乙肝肝硬化失代偿期[5-6]。研究表明,及时有效的抗病毒治疗可有效延缓乙肝病程进展,延长患者寿命。目前临床上应用的抗病毒药物主要有α-干扰素和核苷类似物两类,前者包括普通干扰素和聚乙二醇干扰素,而后者包括阿德福韦酯、拉米夫定及恩替卡韦[7-8]。干扰素用于乙肝肝硬化失代偿期不良反应多,安全性差,拉米夫定与阿德福韦酯起效慢,作用延缓,疗效欠佳[9-11]。恩替卡韦是一类新型抗病毒药物,是一种环戊酰鸟苷类似物,它可取代三磷酸脱氧鸟苷嘌呤核苷与HBV逆转录酶活性位点结合,具有起效快、变异率低等特点,可有效抑制HBV DNA多聚酶,阻止病毒核苷酸合成,达到抑制病毒复制的目的[12-13]。该研究结果显示,治疗6个月后,两组患者TBiL、ALT及AST的值均较治疗前有所改善,同组治疗前后相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组治疗后TBiL、ALT及AST改善程度相比于对照组治疗后差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗前后Child-Pugh评分分别为(8.50±1.51)分、(6.08±0.91)分,对照组治疗前后Child-Pugh评分分别为(8.31±1.68)分、(4.19±1.04)分,两组治疗后评分均有所降低,观察组降低程度更为明显,相比较差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。
综上所述,在综合治疗措施的基础上给予恩替卡韦治疗乙肝肝硬化失代偿期疗效好,安全性高,值得在临床上予以推广。
[教育期刊网 http://www.jyqkw.com
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(收稿日期:2014-04-23)